Impact of Mannequin Based Simulation as Add on Teaching Learning Tool in Pharmacology Training of Undergraduate Medical Students

Abstract

Background: Traditional didactic methods in pharmacology education often fail to actively engage undergraduate medical students or foster clinical application of theoretical knowledge. To bridge this gap, mannequin-based simulation has emerged as a promising educational strategy, offering hands-on, experiential learning in a controlled environment. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mannequin-based simulation as an adjunct teaching tool in pharmacology training for second-year MBBS students. Materials & Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among 100 second-year MBBS students at Saraswati Medical College, Unnao. Participants underwent mannequin-based simulation training on intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous(SC)drug administration. Student perceptions were evaluated using structured questionnaires, and practical competencies were assessed using pre- and post-simulation Objective Structured Practical Examinations (OSPE). Statistical analysis included paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and chi-square tests with a significance threshold of p < 0.05.Results: A strong majority of students (over 85%) expressed favorable perceptions of mannequin based learning, particularly in enhancin gattention span, theoretical integration, procedural skills, and confidence. The post-simulation OSPE scores showed statisticallysignificantimprovementsinproceduralcompetenciesacrossallthree administration routes. For IV training, the paired t-test (p < 0.001) and Wilcoxon test (p < 0.001) indicated a highly significant improvement. Similarly, significant gains were observed for IM(p<0.001;p=0.0156) and SC(p=0.00014;p=0.0313)routes. Conclusion: Mannequin-based simulation significantly enhanced student’s pharmacological skill proficiency, confidence, and engagement. Its positive reception and measurable impact on learning outcomes support its integration into routine pharmacology curricula to bridge the gap between theory and clinical practice, thereby preparing students for safe, effective patient care.