Prevalence of Depression in Stroke Survivors and the Relationship between Site of Lesion and Duration of Stroke Onset on Post stroke Depression

Abstract

 Introduction: Poststroke depression (PSD) is a common psychological complication, affecting about one-third of stroke survivors. It can negatively impact rehabilitation efforts, quality of life, and overall recovery outcomes. Factors such as brain lesion location, stroke severity, and time since onset are critical in the development of PSD. Understanding the prevalence and contributing factors of PSD is essential for improving comprehensive care for stroke survivors.

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression in stroke survivors and investigate the relationship between lesion site and duration of stroke onset with PSD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 stroke survivors at a neurology outpatient clinic. Depression was assessed using the PHQ-9 scale, with a score of 10 or above indicating significant depression. Brain imaging identified lesion locations, and stroke duration was categorized into specific time groups. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression, with a significance level of p < 0.05.

Results: The prevalence of Post-Stroke Depression (PSD) was 31.49%, with the highest occurrence observed in individuals aged 61-70 (41.67%). Males were disproportionately affected, accounting for 69% of cases. A significant association was noted between PSD and left cortical lesions (p < 0.001). Furthermore, PSD prevalence increased with stroke duration, reaching its peak between 6 months and 2 years post-stroke (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The study underscores the high prevalence of PSD in stroke survivors, particularly those with left cortical lesions and those 6 months to 2 years post-stroke. Early detection and continuous mental health support are crucial in enhancing recovery and quality of life for stroke survivors.