Diagnostic Utility of P63 in Differentiating Ambiguous Lesions of Prostate

Abstract

 The proper identification of prostate cancer stands essential for effective treatment because it remains among the primary cancers affecting male patients. The p63 marker undergoes immunohistochemical evaluation to detect basal cells in ambiguous prostatic lesions which aids diagnosis. The research initiative evaluates p63 immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic tool for prostatic lesion discrimination through assessment of histopathological attributes as well as PSA quantities and Gleason rating. Research activities took place at GSVM Medical College, Kanpur with 75 prostate disease patients who received clinical diagnoses. The tissue samples from core biopsies and TURP and prostatectomy underwent both histopathological analysis and p63 immunohistochemical examination. The research team used SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis through chi-square tests together with ROC curve analysis. The expression level of p63 protein was strong in benign tissue while it was moderate in premalignant lesions but completely absent in malignant pathology. The intensity of p63 protein expression showed a negative connection to PSA values but cases without p63 protein together with high Gleason scores were observed. Immunochemistry analysis on the p63 marker produced exceptional results with 100% diagnostic accuracy based on an area under the curve of 1.00. This indicates nearly perfect diagnostic capabilities combined with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Utilization of p63 testing within standard diagnostic protocols will generate improved diagnostic accuracy that benefits medical treatment of patients.